Used Excavators for Sale: Your Ultimate Guide to a Smart Purchase
If you’re in the market for heavy equipment, buying a used excavator can be a great choice- no matter your industry or project. From construction to landscaping, digging to demolition, excavators are essential heavy machines, but buying new can be a hefty investment. That’s why used excavators are so appealing, making it easy to find a great piece of equipment at a price you can’t say no to. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know before shopping for a used excavator, from inspection tips to attachments.
Why Buy a Used Excavator?
Buying a used excavator offers many benefits over purchasing a brand-new heavy machine.
Cost Savings
Used excavators come at a fraction of the price of new heavy equipment. For many businesses, purchasing a new excavator can be a significant and stressful investment. When you instead shop for used excavators for sale, you’ll find a great piece of equipment at a more reasonable price. Plus, buying used makes it easy to prioritize your needs. Whether you prefer an older, cheaper machine or a slightly more expensive used excavator that’s only a couple of years old, you’ll be able to find something that’s suited to you.
Avoid Depreciation
Concerns about depreciation can also hinder your purchase of a new excavator. When you buy new, you shell out a lot of money just for the value of your equipment to drop substantially when you go to sell it. A new excavator might even depreciate by the time you drive it off the lot. With used equipment, your excavator has already undergone its most significant depreciation period, meaning you don’t have to worry about steep drops in the value of your equipment.
Variety and Availability
The market for used excavators is vast. You’ll be able to find used excavators for sale across many brands, models, and sizes. From Cat 336s to John Deere 245Gs, you never know what you may find at a great price. Whether you’re looking at a mini excavator for sale or a full-size machine for heavy-duty work, used excavators offer an unmatched selection.
Another benefit of buying a used excavator is the possibility of coming across equipment that is already equipped with attachments or features that are perfect for your worksite requirements. This can save you additional time and money that you would have spent on customizing a new machine to your liking.
Durability and Longevity
Excavators are heavy machines that are built to last, which is why many used options remain reliable. You’ll want to double-check the number of hours the equipment has accrued, with bigger excavators able to withstand more work before they’re considered ‘worn out’. Depending on your priorities, you can find heavily used excavators (6000+ hours) at a lower price or pay a little more and secure an excavator that will last you even longer (1000-5000 hours).
Excavator Sizes and Track Types
To find the right used excavator for you, consider different sizes and track types to find a combination that suits your worksite needs.
Sizes
1. Mini Excavators
Mini excavators are great for projects in confined spaces. These machines typically weigh between 1 to 6 tons and their small size makes them the most maneuverable of the bunch. If you need a lightweight, compact machine, consider mini excavators for sale the next time you’re in the market for equipment.
2. Standard Excavators
The standard, full-size excavator is the most popular. Weighing anywhere from 10-80 tons, a standard excavator is the way to go if you’re not worried about tight spaces and want more power than a mini excavator will offer.
3. Long-Reach Excavators
Consider a long-reach excavator if your worksite requires excavation or demolition with significant heights or distances. These excavators are equipped with extended arms and boom systems, making them ideal for handling projects like bridges or ditches.
Track Types
Used excavators come in two main track types: crawler and wheeled.
1. Wheeled Excavators
Wheeled excavators offer the highest speed for work on smooth surfaces. They excel on paved areas and urban construction sites as they are easily transportable.
2. Crawler Excavators
Rather than wheels, crawler excavators are situated on tracks that offer more stability. This makes them great for rough and uneven terrain, such as off-road or mountainous sites.
Excavator Attachments
Used excavators provide versatility, not just in their size and track types, but also in their attachments that customize your equipment for a specific job.
Buckets can be used for a number of tasks across the work site. General-purpose buckets are great for digging and moving dirt, while a trenching bucket makes it easy to create narrow trenches. Some used excavators will come already equipped with these specialized buckets, making it easy to get to work right away.
Hydraulic hammers are best suited for demolition or breaking up hard materials like concrete. These attachments come in various sizes, so make sure to grab one that’s compatible with your excavator.
Grapples are great for moving debris or lifting materials like logs, rocks, and scrap metal.
Augers are used to drill into the ground, while rippers are useful for breaking up hard soil or rocks. Both attachments are common in industries like forestry and landscaping.
Thumbs are versatile attachments that allow your excavator to easily move and grip objects. They’re used for grabbing logs, rocks, and other irregularly shaped debris.
How to Inspect a Used Excavator for Sale
Purchasing a used excavator can be a great investment, but it’s essential to thoroughly inspect the equipment before making a purchase decision. Proper inspection before you buy will help you identify issues that could eventually lead to costly repairs. Here’s a quick guide to inspecting used excavators for sale, so you can make an informed decision.
1. Engine Condition
The engine is central to the operation of any piece of heavy equipment, so you’ll want to make sure it’s in good condition before you make a purchase. When inspecting the engine of a used excavator, make sure to check the following:
Oil and Coolant Levels: verify that the oil and coolant levels are within the recommended range. Low oil levels or dirty oil can indicate poor maintenance and affect the engine’s longevity.
Signs of Leaks: check around the engine for any signs of oil, coolant, or fuel leaks. Leaking fluids point to internal issues that can turn into expensive repairs.
Engine Noise: start the engine and listen for any unusual sounds, such as knocking or excessive noise, which can indicate problems.
Air Filter: take a look at the air filter and check for signs of clogging or heavy wear. A dirty or clogged air filter won’t be significant to replace, but it will still become a maintenance cost if you purchase the excavator.
2. Hydraulics
The hydraulic system is another important component of an excavator, as it allows the equipment to move, lift, and dig. Keep these tips in mind when you inspect the hydraulic system of a used excavator:
Hydraulic Fluid Levels: check the hydraulic fluid levels to ensure they’re within an appropriate range. Low fluid levels may indicate leaks or improper maintenance.
Hydraulic Hoses and Lines: inspect all hoses and lines for cracks or any other signs of heavy wear. Leaking hydraulic fluid can be an expensive repair, while damaged hoses can lead to operational failures.
Pump and Cylinders: listen for abnormal noises from the hydraulic pump or cylinders when the machine is operating. Grinding or whining sounds can be cause for concern.
Hydraulic System Functionality: test the machine’s hydraulic system by moving the boom, arm, and bucket. Ensure there are no jerky movements or hesitation in its operation, as these could signal issues with the hydraulic system.
3. Tracks, Wheels, and Undercarriage
Tracks, wheels, and the undercarriage are not to be missed when inspecting a used excavator. They ensure proper mobility and stability while operating and can lead to expensive repairs if they become worn out. Don’t miss these areas:
Track Condition: examine the excavator tracks for any signs of excessive wear, like missing or damaged track links, worn-out treads, or loose track bolts. Uneven or especially worn tracks can indicate misalignment or suspension issues.
Track Tension: check the track tension and ensure it isn’t too tight or loose. Overly tight tracks can put a strain on the excavator, while loose tracks can cause slipping and underperformance.
Undercarriage Lubrication: the undercarriage, rollers, and sprockets need to be properly lubricated to prevent excessive wear. Without lubrication, this wear can reduce the lifespan of the used excavator.
Undercarriage Cracks or Damage: inspect the entire undercarriage for cracks, bends, or any other signs of significant wear. Damage to these components can indicate heavy use and the possibility of a shorter lifespan.
Wheels (if applicable): for wheeled excavators, check the tires for signs of punctures or damage. If they look excessively worn, factor in the cost of replacing the tires with your purchase decision.
4. Exterior and Structural Integrity
Now that you’ve looked at the internal conditions, you can move on to inspecting the excavator’s exterior.
Frame: check the excavator’s frame for any visible cracks or signs of stress that indicate heavy or rough usage.
Bucket and Arm: look for cracks, dents and excessive wear, especially on the cutting edges and teeth of the bucket.
Boom and Swing: look for any looseness in the boom and swing mechanism. Excessive wear here can impact lifting capabilities and cause stability issues.
Slewing Ring: The slewing ring connects the house and the undercarriage of an excavator. To assess its performance, rotate the house and look for any wobbling or instability. Eventually, the slewing ring will need to be replaced, so if it is in questionable condition consider this cost in your purchase decision.
5. Hours of Operation and Servicing
Excavators can last for thousands of hours if well-maintained, so before you commit to a used excavator, make sure you have all the information about its operating hours and maintenance history. Used excavators with higher hours might come with more wear and tear but should remain reliable with proper maintenance.
Hour Meter: check the hour meter to verify how much the machine has been used. Machines with more than 9000 hours will have a much shorter lifespan, which you should consider before you purchase. Decide on your ideal balance of price and remaining operating hours.
Service Records: ask the seller or dealership for any maintenance records they may have and ensure the used excavator has received regular servicing. This will ensure you’re purchasing a reliable piece of equipment.
What if I’m Buying a Used Excavator Online?
Don’t skimp on inspecting a potential purchase just because it’s online. Online equipment shopping can provide even more selection than in-person browsing, but it’s important to still take the time and care to inspect a used excavator before you buy.
If the equipment is located too far away to inspect in person, ask the seller or dealership for pictures of the entire machine, focusing on the inspection areas we already discussed. You can even ask for videos of the equipment while operating to ensure no sounds or movements indicate a bigger problem.
Used Excavator Ownership Options
When you’re looking to acquire used equipment, you have several ownership options. Pick the one that suits your budget and the time frame you’ll be using the equipment for.
Buying
If you have the budget, investing in a used excavator for sale outright will give you full ownership and control over the equipment. This is the most expensive ownership option but provides you with the most deciding power over your excavator. Customize and maintain it how you like and sell it when you’re done with it- but consider how long you’ll need your used excavator. If you’re only looking to use it for one project, renting or leasing may be a better, less permanent option.
Auction
Bidding in an auction is another method to purchase a used excavator, rather than buying outright from an individual or a company. Auctions allow you to compete with other interested customers, and who knows, you might even score a deal on the price.
Leasing
Leasing a used excavator is a compromise between buying and renting. With leasing, you’ll have the excavator for your lease term, which you’ll negotiate with the leasing company. This allows you to get your hands on a used excavator, with a more long-term time frame than renting, but without the financial investment of ownership.
Renting
Renting is the lowest-stakes option and should be considered if you only need a used excavator for a short period. Most of the time, maintenance fees will be covered by the rental company, giving you extra peace of mind.
Used Excavator Warranties
One of the key considerations when buying any used excavator is the warranty. For used Cat excavators or other brand-name machines, you may still be able to benefit from the original manufacturer’s warranty. At Fused, warranties are offered on a case-to-case basis, making it easy for you to buy with no regrets.
Make sure you're aware of your warranty options before you purchase a used excavator. If you’re buying from a dealership, look into their warranty policies. You may be able to secure the original manufacturer’s warranty, or a warranty provided by the dealership themselves. However, private sellers likely won’t be able to offer you any sort of warranty, making the inspection process even more important.
The Most Popular Used Excavator Models
When you’re considering a used excavator, it’s great to understand all your options, including the different models that are available to you. We’ll cover some of the most popular excavator models so you can find some inspiration for your purchase, whether you’re digging foundations or clearing land.
CAT 336
The CAT 336 is popular for a good reason: it’s one of the most versatile and widely used standard-sized excavators. Known for its strength, efficiency, and reliability, the CAT 336 is often used in construction for digging, lifting, and other excavation tasks.
Key features of the CAT 336 are its powerful hydraulic system, its fuel efficiency and low emissions, and its spacious operator’s cab. If you’re looking for a used CAT excavator, consider a CAT 336; it’s a great investment that will hold its value for years to come.
CAT 336E
The CAT 336E is a slightly older model in the CAT 336 series, but it remains highly regarded for its great fuel efficiency and performance.
Key features of the CAT 336E are its versatility and fuel efficiency, just like its newer counterpart, the CAT 336. Consider a CAT 336E if you’re looking for a cheaper used excavator that is just as versatile as other options on the market.
CAT 349E
The CAT 349E is a large excavator, great for heavy-duty work. It’s ideal for larger jobs such as deep excavation, heavy lifting, and demolition. The CAT 349E is a fantastic option for those looking for a used excavator that will be able to tackle large-scale projects, like mining operations, industrial construction, and roadwork.
Key features of the CAT 349E are its high-performance engine, enhanced hydraulics system, and great fuel efficiency. You should consider a used CAT 349E if you need a heavy-duty machine for a big project.
CAT 310
The CAT 310 is a mini excavator designed for lighter work in confined spaces. It’s a great choice for landscaping, residential construction, and small-scale projects where a large or standard excavator won’t fit.
Key features of the CAT 310 are its compact design and maneuverability, as well as its efficient engine. If you need a used excavator that works in tight spaces at a great price, consider the CAT 310.
John Deere 245G
The John Deere 245G is a medium or standard-sized excavator that’s ideal for heavy lifting, digging, and general earthmoving tasks. It’s known for its durability, making it a popular choice for construction and landscaping projects.
Some of the key features of John Deere 245G are its fuel efficiency and reliability. This is a versatile excavator that can be used across many industries and tasks.
Extending the Lifespan of Your Used Excavator
After you find and purchase the right used excavator, you’ll want to ensure its longevity. Here are a couple of tips that will help extend the lifespan of your used excavator.
Regular Maintenance
Stay on top of routine maintenance, like oil changes, checking hydraulic fluid, and inspecting and replacing tracks. Make sure to switch out air filters when necessary, especially if you’re working in a dusty environment. Keeping your used excavator in tip-top shape will ensure it lasts you for years to come.
Proper Storage
Store your excavator in a sheltered location when it’s not in use. This will protect your equipment from the elements, reducing wear and tear like rusting. If you don’t have a dedicated storage shed, consider investing in a weather-resistant cover to protect your used excavator from harsh conditions.
Using the Right Attachments
Ensuring you have the right attachments for your project will help maintain your used excavator. Overworking your excavator by using the wrong attachments can lead to unnecessary wear.
Conclusion
Used excavators are a smart investment, providing the same power and efficiency as a new excavator but at a more attractive price point. Choosing a used model allows you to find a unique solution that balances equipment conditions and costs to meet your needs. When you follow this guide and consider the size, inspection requirements, model, ownership and warranty options, you’re sure to find a used excavator for sale that suits you and your worksite.
Interested in used excavators and excavator attachments for sale? Check out Fused’s wide selection or reach out to one of our experts for more information on finding the right machine at the right price.